Journal of Humanitarian and Applied Sciences

The impact of the quality of forecasting the money supply on the Libyan economy for the period 2023-2030 (Standard study using Jenkins-Box methodology – ARIMA models)

علي المحمودي — 2023-12-31

The study aimed to analyze the development of the money supply in the Libyan economy in the broad sense for the period 1980-2022 , The study dealt with predicting money supply values for the period 2023 - 2030 , by using the standard analytical method (Jenkins-Box) , The study concluded , through comparison between several models, that the most efficient model with good predictive ability is the ARIMA model (3, 1, 0) , And that the money supply values in the predicted years were affected by the money supply path during the study period .

The level of job satisfaction among faculty members in higher and technical education A comparative study between Elmergib University - Higher Institute of Engineering Technologies Tripoli

أسامة شعبان — 2023-12-31

The study aims to know the level of job satisfaction among faculty members at Elmerqib University and the Higher Institute of Engineering Technologies, Tripoli, a comparative study. The study sample was selected by a simple random method, consisting of (120) members of both sexes (males, females), and a questionnaire tool was applied to collect information prepared by the researcher. It consists of 30 statements distributed over five axes that measure the level of job satisfaction. The study reached the following results:

1- The level of job satisfaction among faculty members at Elmerqib University and the Higher Institute of Engineering Technologies, Tripoli, indicates (sometimes), and according to the answers of the entire study sample, the arithmetic mean reached 2.05, and a percentage weight of 68%, meaning that the level of job satisfaction is moderate.

2- There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample’s responses regarding the level of job satisfaction among faculty members at Elmerqib University and the Higher Institute of Engineering Technologies, Tripoli.

3- There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of faculty members’ responses regarding the level of job satisfaction among faculty members at Elmerqib University and the Higher Institute of Engineering Technologies, Tripoli, according to the gender variable (males, females).

4- There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of faculty members’ responses regarding the level of job satisfaction among faculty members at Elmerqib University and the Higher Institute of Engineering Technologies, Tripoli, according to the academic qualification variable.

The importance of human development in Libyan society and the role of social service in its success

بنور العماري — 2023-12-31

This study aimed to shed light on the importance of human development in the progress and development of Libyan society and the role of the social service profession in the success of its programs. This study is one of the library studies that relied on scientific sources to analyze its contents, using the descriptive analytical approach, which seeks to discover reality as it is. By collecting information and facts from references, scientific dissertations, peer-reviewed periodicals, and websites, it addressed the concept of human development, its importance and its most important goals, and the concept of social service in the field of human development, its importance and the most important roles it plays to make its programs successful. This study ended with a conclusion that confirms the importance of this. The issue is relevant to Libyan society, and I reached a set of results, the most important of which are:

1- Human development is critical in Libyan society, especially now.

2- The prevailing social conditions in Libyan society confirm the importance of the need to activate the roles of the social service profession in the success of human development programs.

Fingerprint Using Histogram Oriented Gradient and Support Vector Machine

Mohamed Alhamrouni — 2023-12-31

Biometric security uses unique physiological and behavioral characteristics, like DNA and signatures, to identify individuals. Traditional identification methods are unreliable, so biometric systems offer a more dependable solution. They are accurate and not easily forgotten, making them convenient. Fingerprint verification was one of the first methods, but it requires a complex process to ensure accuracy. In this paper, the researchers introduced SVM as a Matching Technique with the help of HOG to extract the feature and Preprocessing method. Our study has shown significant results and highlights the powerful role of SVM in the matching process.

A study of the Variation in the Levels of Parathyroid Hormone, Calcium and Phosphorus among Patients at the Kidney Services Center - Al-Khums

Mona Alfakheri — 2023-12-31

Kidneys are essential for a healthy body. It is largely responsible for filtering waste, excess water, and other impurities from the blood. These toxins and excess materials are stored in the bladder and then removed during urination. Kidney disease can lead to other serious health problems, including nerve damage, weak bones, and malnutrition. Over time, the kidneys may stop working completely. The study was conducted on 70 dialysis patients at the Kidney Services Center - Al-Khums and monitored the changes that occurred in the levels of the parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and phosphorus. The results revealed that the PTH was higher in females than in males compared to the control group, and phosphate was higher in males than in females, while there was no significant difference in calcium levels.

Solution of Problem of linear Plane Elasticity in Region between an Elliptical Boundary with Cassini Oval Hole by the Boundary Integrals Method

A. Deeb — 2023-12-31

A boundary Fourier expansion method is used to solve the system of field equations of plane, linear elasticity in stresses for homogeneous, isotropic media occupying a doubly-connected domain under given pressures on the boundaries. The case understudy is: An elliptic domain with cassini oval. In the case, the boundary values of the relevant harmonic functions are obtained and the error in satisfying the boundary conditions is given. The stress function and the displacement are calculated inside the domain.

Physiochemical and Mineralogical Investigations of Some Raw Materials in Wadi Abou Al Gomel Area, Eastern Region, Libya

Farag Ali — 2023-12-31

This study was conducted on Wadi Abou Al Gomel area through three selected sites, namely: (1), (2) and (3), in the east of Libya along the coast Mediterranean Sea, between N32°03’00 N32°08'30 and E23°45' 00 E23°52'00. The area comprises two main formations which are Al Khowaymat and Al Faidiyah that belonging to Tertiary age. The lithology of rocks is mainly limestone, dolomite and marly limestone and argillaceous rocks represented by shale. The objective of this study is to highlight rocks physically, chemically and minerlogically as well as the assessment as raw materials for cement manufacturing. The chemical results revealed that the major oxides exhibit a variation of distribution and the major oxide is CaO to reach 55.15% which meets the requirements of cement industry. According to the physical properties of the studied samples, they can be classified into two categories which are hard rocks and very hard rocks. The mineralogical investigations revealed that the carbonate rocks arise in different environments, aragonite and high-magnesium calcite usually occur in the warm, shallow marine environments by direct precipitation from seawater or from skeletons of various organisms. Dolomite among the bulk minerals in the Oligocene-Miocene successions indicates variation in the sedimentation regime from shallow marine shelf transgression to slightly regressive intertidal. Gypsum percentages ranged between 2 and 5%, while halite occurred in low amounts varied from 1 to 4% in both Al Khowaymat and Al Faidiyah formations. This reflects supratidal to intertidal environment marked by evaporation.

الفن التشكيلي المعاصر

حسين أبوشعالة — 2023-12-31

In this research, I will discuss everything related to contemporary art, including its concept and importance, and introduce the artists of this art, their artistic methods, and the materials used. It also addresses the reasons for the emergence and difference of this art from its predecessor, “modern art.” The contemporary art dates from “the beginning of the second half of the twentieth century,”

The research problem is in defining contemporary art, its artists, their artistic methods, and the materials used. The research aims to explore the motivation and inspiration of the artists for contemporary art. The research also aims to monitor the most important contemporary artistic movements and the artist’s ability in creativity and innovation. It also aims to gain insight into contemporary artists and their artistic works. The researcher follows the descriptive and analytical approach to contemporary artistic movements.

The research has dealt with the beginnings of contemporary art, and its concept, and features, which made it a distinctive art from the others according to the style, material, etc. One of the most important features of this art is the exhibition of the artist’s feelings and their attempts to eliminate the problems of daily life due to chaos and lack of discipline. Artworks are displayed in courtyards and open spaces not inside exhibition halls. Therefore, it plays an important role in developing the aesthetic concepts and behavior of human beings to lead them to a healthy and unique personality in creativity and imagination. The research ends up with the most important contemporary artistic movements and their place of emergence, such as conceptual art, land art, installation art movement art, and others, and getting to know some artists and their artistic works.

Structural narratology and the Criticism of the Libyan Novel "The approach manifestations in the Libyan Criticism"

Mahmoud Emloudah — 2023-12-31

This paper deals with the structural approach in criticizing the Libyan novel. The assumption here is that the Libyan critical achievement is not an exclusion from the expanded Arab reception of structuralism. So, to what extent the Libyan contribution to structural approach in Arabic exists. The research begins by limiting the critical studies in approaching the Libyan fictional texts. The paper reached some results among them is that in the first section, the limited structuralism, two problems were identified; The problem of theory and practice, the methodology and the text studied, in the relationship between theory and practice, the duality of success in theory and reluctance in practice was clarified. On the other hand, confusion in receiving theory and the success in practice were also clarified. The problem of the weakness of the texts in front of the curriculum was monitored, that is, the curriculum is greater than the studied texts. The second section which deals with the shift from structuralism to interactive narratives, an organized critical project was found with Abdul Hakim Al-Maliki. However, there is a kind of confusion and overlapping in other academic approaches.

أثر التخريج الإلكتروني على طلاب علم الحديث

طارق العاتي — 2023-12-31

The aim of the research, entitled: The Impact of Electronic Graduation on Hadith Students, is to demonstrate the extent of the impact of electronic graduation on Hadith students, and I followed the descriptive analytical approach in it, and I talked about the concept of computing and its benefits, and its importance, and the concept of graduation and its benefits, and what electronic graduation is, then Results and recommendations

The most important results:

There are many benefits to graduating from, including knowing the context of the hadith in its original sources, and then documenting the text of the hadith and its narrators, and verifying this text.One of the characteristics of electronic transcription is: translating the narrators of the chain of transmission, introducing some narrators, rather tracking the narrator in all his narrations through the included books, and knowing the sheikhs and students

One of the most important effects of electronic graduation on hadith students is that the electronic method contributes to distance young students of knowledge from the scholars, to be independent from them, and to come up with odd and odd opinions about the Sunnah and the true religion of God

Recommendations:

Taking care of e-graduation science

Training students of Sharia sciences on electronic graduation

Benefiting from electronic expanders in the work of major modern graduation projects

Doing a project to graduate the hadiths of the main books of jurisprudence and benefiting from the electronic graduation in that

أسبقية الفكر الإسلامي في قضية العيش المشترك مقاربة فلسفية في فكر أبي الريحان البيروني

عبدالرحمن الزرقاني — 2023-12-31

This study aimed to confirm that the issue of coexistence has well-established roots in the thought of Abi Al-Rayhan Al-Biruni. What Al-Biruni came up with about addressing this issue is very similar to philosophers and thinkers from the modern era and contemporary thought. The researcher used the analytical approach and the historical approach, and concluded that the philosophical approach to the idea of coexistence has been achieved to a large extent, as Al-Biruni had put forward the principles of the idea of coexistence that came to Western philosophers.

عنايةُ الإمَام النَّفَراوي بالمصَادر الاستدلاليّة في كتَابه الفَواكه الدَّوَانِي على رسالة ابن أبي زيد القيرواني

خالد إسماعيل — 2023-12-31

This research dealt with the study of a book from the books of Maliki jurisprudence, which is Al-Fawakhat Al-Dawani on the message of Ibn Abi Zaid Al-Qayrawani to the great scholar Ahmed Al-Nafrawi. Ibn Abi Zaid al-Qayrawani in his letter. In this study, I followed the analytical inductive approach, and divided the research into an introduction, a preface, and two demands. The research, the research plan, and as for the preface, I dealt with the definition of the author and the definition of the book, and it came in the first requirement:The inferences of Imam al-Nafrawi in the Holy Qur’an in the chapter on prayer and the chapter on zakat, and the second requirement: the inferences of Imam al-Nafrawi in the Holy Qur’an in the chapter on marriage and waiting period and in the chapter on blood and borders, and at the end of the research there is a conclusion: it contains the most important results drawn from the folds of this study.

Modeling Trends in Rainfall Rates at Shahat Meteorological Station (1961 - 2050) Using Statistical Techniques

Asmahan Othman — 2023-12-31

This research paper aims to identify the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) technique and the methods used to predict future climate. It relies on rainfall data from the Shahat meteorological station for the period from 1961 to 2020, and predict its increase or decrease in the future (2021-2050) using SDSM based on climate change scenarios (A2a) and (B2a), which are scenarios adopted by the IPCC climate change team in the SRES report in 2000 to make climate and environmental forecasts based on greenhouse gases. In addition, it will rely on statistical analysis methods used in climate studies by SPSS to detect variations in the means of annual and seasonal rainfall rates for the three periods: (1961-1990), (1991-2020), (2021-2050), using one-way ANOVA analysis. The results showed trends of decreasing annual rainfall rates compared to the first period, with seasonal variations and statistical significance level below 0.05. The cumulative difference curves also confirmed a trend of decreasing rainfall rates at the study station during the three periods, except for the autumn period from 2023-2039 and the summer season, which experienced higher than average rainfall compared to the first two periods.

الروايات المختلف فيها عن الإمام مالك في كتاب المعونة (كتاب الطهارة نموذجاً)

محمد الرّداني — 2024-01-01

Praise be to Allah, and prayers and peace be upon the Messenger of God, his family, his companions, and those who follow him.

as for what follows: Judge Abd al-Wahhab al-Baghdadi - may God have mercy on him - had a great interest in mentioning the narrations in which there was disagreement from the imam of the Maliki school of thought, Malik on the authority of Anas - may God have mercy on him - and I am not more degraded for that than his mention of it in his book (Al-Ma'ounah Ali Madhab Alam Al-Madinah), which is The subject of the study of the issues in this research, and the judge often referred to these narrations by saying (and from him on the issue there are two narrations). (And from him there are three narrations), and the main goal of collecting these narrations and studying the issues related to them is “to ensure the accuracy of their attribution to the imam of the school of thought, and to know the reckless statements of the school of thought that are based on one of these narrations.” I have limited this research to collecting and studying the narrations and issues related to them. The Book of Purity from the aforementioned book.

Traffic accidents in the municipality of Misurata for the period 2020/2015 a geographical study

عادل القزيري — 2023-12-31

Abstract:

This study aims to identify traffic accidents in the municipality of Misurata - Libya, geographically, based on data and annual reports of the Traffic Statistics Office of the Municipal Security Directorate. The study also used the descriptive analytical approach and the historical and statistical approach, to interpret and analyze the data collected on the subject of the study with the aim of knowing the causes of traffic accidents. And their geographical distribution on the roads in the region. One of the most important findings of the study is that the number of accidents in the study area during the study period amounted to approximately 1708 traffic accidents, resulting in 1293 deaths, as well as 485 serious injuries in addition to 106 cases of minor injuries, and also from the results of the study that Most accidents occurred on coastal roads, reaching 693 traffic accidents, which represents 41% of the total accidents in the study area. Also, the age group (25 and under 45) years is the largest age group affected by traffic accident injuries and the most deaths due to accidents, with a total of 482 cases. Deaths, including 432 males and 50 female deaths. The study recommended the necessity of maintaining roads periodically, as well as installing traffic lights and markings, and enforcing the traffic law.

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دراسة مورفومترية وهيدرولوجية لحوض وادي درنة باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS)

مسعود الغيثي — 2023-12-31

This study dealt with the Derna Valley Basin through the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) program and the (Global Mapper) program, as well as the (sasplanet) program and the introduction of the digital elevation model (DEM) and also the use of statistical analysis through the (spss) program, where all the programs used can know the geological structure of the study area and its topography, as well as extracting the direction of the earth's surface inclination in the study area and the direction of water flow, And extracting the rest of the information about the basin of Wadi Derna, such as determining the area of the Wadi Derna basin, the circumference, length and width of the basin, as well as the length of the main course of the basin, determining the hyposometric curve, the ranks and lengths of the waterways, in addition to the height characteristics represented in the formal characteristics, including the shape of the basin, the elongation coefficient, the rotation coefficient, the shape coefficient and the zigzag coefficient.

Assisting the Inquirer in Identifying Al-Maqatil, and the Supporting Evidence By Abu Abdullah Mohamed Bin Ahmed Bin Mohamed Bin Ali Bin Ghazi Al-Miknasi, dated (919 H). A Study and Investigation

عبدالرؤوف عبدالجواد — 2023-12-31

Many scholars of Al-Malikiyah were interested in writing on separate jurisprudential matters, some of whom even singled them out for authorship, such as the prose, the versified, the detailed, and the simplified. Among those scholars who composed on separate matters was the venerable Sheikh "Abu Abdullah Mohamed Bin Ahmed Bin Mohamed Bin Ali Bin Ghazi Al-Miknasi (919 H(.,named after his hometown of Miknasah Al-Zaytoun. The Sheikh's words were easy and concise. In his book, the Agreed upon Maqatil (parts of the body that leads to death), he mentioned that they are five, as well as the signs of life, which he mentioned as five. He also adhered to the well-known doctrine after mentioning the difference in the same matter. The Sheik defined some of the jurisprudential terms that needed to be clarified: "Marrow: white sweat extended into the back and neck.)"

In this paper, the researcher relied on a number of jurisprudential methodologies, including the descriptive method in describing the author and what was included, the documentary method: attributing transcripts, statements, and producing verses and hadith, as well as analytical methods: analyzing the author's words and commenting on them. The findings revealed that Ibn Ghazi's book was based on Ibn Rushd method in the introductions, as he guided many jurisprudential issues related to the execution of Al-Maqatil.

An Analysis of Students' English Pronunciation Ability at English Department of the Faculty of Arts, Al-Asmarya Islamic University

Amal Grima — 2023-12-31

This research aims to analyze the speaking ability of female students of English Department in the third semester at Al-Asmarya Islamic University, faculty of Arts, academic year 2022/2023. Pronunciation and articulation are crucial components of effective spoken communication in any language, including English. This study focuses on the analysis of speaker voice, including pronunciation and articulation, which are criteria adopted by Lucas, (2012) and Gregory (1990) for analyzing female students of English language. The objectives of this study is firstly, to determine whether or not female students have speaking ability in pronunciations T, Linking and Reductions in the sentences in English conversations. Secondly, to put forward some suggestions and recommendations which can be useful for specialists and students to improve speaking skill in pronunciations.

The descriptive research concentrated on statistical analysis of speaking ability of female students of English language department. The participants of the research were twelve female students of English language department and the data were collected through voice recordings of female students of English on Telegram as one of speaking assignments, then the researcher assessed their speaking ability in pronunciations through listening fifteen sentences which have boundaries of pronunciations and taken from three conversations from the textbook, then they measured into three levels which categorized into lower, middle and upper.

The result revealed that the female students' speaking ability of English language department at the faculty of Arts categorized into "lower" in pronunciations T, Linking and Reductions in the sentences in English conversations. The average score accomplished was -.64791- 80%; so that, the female students need more improvement, training and encouragement in pronunciations.

Approximate solutions for Cauchy-Euler Differential Equations with Riemann-Liouville's Fractional Derivatives via Runge-Kutta Techniques

Mufeedah Ahmed — 2023-12-31

The present paper discussed a study on the approximate solutions for the Cauchy-Euler differential equation with fractional derivatives in order . The researchers applied the Runge-Kutta methods to the Fractional Cauchy-Euler differential equation after transforming them into a system of fractional differential equations. The rsearchers further presented examples to illustrate the effectiveness of these methods and compared the results with exact solutions.

Isolation, Identification and Sensitivity of Escherichia Coli from Fresh Vegetables in Zawia and Surman City, Libya

Saad Mohamed — 2023-12-31

In Libya, ready to eat (RTE) vegetables are most used at restaurants and home. Therefore, it is very important to examine possible Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination in RTE vegetables. This study aimed to isolate E. coli from RTE Vegetables. The antimicrobial sensitivity of E. coli obtained from RTE vegetables was as well performed using 6 usually used antibiotics. Three samples (Lettuce, watercress, and parsley) were collected from Zawia and Surman cities, using media of MacConkey agar and nutrient agar. These samples were analyzed to detect the presence of E. coli. Identification and characterization of E. coli isolates were performed using analytical profile index ABI 20 E. Using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, antimicrobial susceptibility was determined. Thirty-five (58.3%) of samples showed a positive result of the presence of E. coli, highest percentage (42.86%) was isolated from watercress followed by parsley and lettuce (28.57%) for each one. Highest percentage (71.4%) was isolated from Zawia City, while the lowest percentage (28.6%) was isolated from Surman City. The findings revealed that 35 isolates (100%) were resistant to Augmentin and five isolates (14.29%) were resistant to Amikacin as well.

This revealed that 58.3% of RTE vegetable samples were contaminated with E. coli and the isolates highly resistant to Augmentin (100%) could be hazardous for community health.

الاحتباس الحراري وأثره على البيئة ودور ليبيا في مواجهته

ابتسام كشيب — 2023-12-31

In this study, the researcher discussed the phenomenon of global warming, because of its negative impact on our planet, as the Earth's surface is is exposed to global warming due to green house gas emissions into the atmosphere, as well as human activities such as burning fossil fuels, agriculture, cutting down trees, and large consumption of water, as stated, in research the effects of this phenomenon on the environment and its causes, and Libya's role in confronting this dangerous climate.

GC-MS Analysis of Rhus Tripartita Roots Extract

Zaid Najah — 2023-12-31

Rhus Tripartita is a rocky bush belongs to Anacardiaceae family, well known for uses in folk medicine in north Africa, and known locally in Libya with Jdari name. The ethanolic extract of dried roots powder was analyzed using GC-MS. Sixty-three compounds were identified, which half of them are fatty acid esters, six long chain alcohols, three ketones, three long chain alkenes, two phytosterols, four heterocyclic compounds, four carboxylic acids, two acid chlorides and two sulfones. The major components of the extract were (9Z,12Z) Octadecadienoyl chloride, (9E,12E) Octadecadienoyl chloride, (E)-9-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester with peak percent of 46.89%, and Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 14-Methyl Pentadecanoic acid methyl ester with peak percent of 11.62 %. The extract of Rhus Tripartita is very rich with bioactive organic components which may explain the extensive usage in traditional medicine.

The Effect of Teachers' Positive and Negative Feedback on EFL University Students' speaking Skill: Faculty of Education Qaser Ben Ghashir as a Case Study

Walid Issuisi — 2023-12-31

The primary objective of this research is to examine the impact of teachers' positive and negative feedback on students' speaking proficiency, as well as the potential influence of such feedback on the overall classroom atmosphere. To accomplish this, a quantitative research method was employed, involving the development of two questionnaires. The study targeted a sample of 41 English language students and 12 English language teachers from the Faculty of Education at Qaser Ben Ghashir. The findings of the study revealed that students' oral skills are greatly influenced and motivated by positive feedback from their teachers. Furthermore, students expressed a preference for feedback that addresses their individual needs and assists in resolving their speaking-related challenges.

الخجل وعلاقته بالتحصيل الدراسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية بمدينة زليتن

عبدالسلام اشكيب — 2023-12-31

The study aimed to identify the level of shyness among students in the ninth grade of basic education in Zliten. And to identify the level of academic achievement among students in the ninth grade of basic education in the variable of gender in the city of Zliten, and to identify the statistically significant differences between students who are shy in the variable of gender in the stage. Basic education among males and females in the city of Zliten. Identifying the correlation between shyness and academic achievement among ninth-grade students in basic education in Zliten. Among ninth-grade students in basic education in Zliten, in light of some gender variables. The researcher used the descriptive approach and reached The sample number was (101) male and female students in the ninth grade of the preparatory stage in the city of Zliten. The study concluded that the level of shyness among the ninth-grade students of the basic education stage in Zliten was high, as the average response value reached (3.44) according to the five-point scale. The study also showed that the level of academic achievement among the ninth-grade students of the basic education stage in the city of Zliten in the study sample was very good (35.81), and the study showed that there are statistically significant differences in the level of shyness among the ninth-grade students of the basic education stage in the school. Shura, preparatory centralization, al-Khansa’a, and immortal women in the city of Zliten were attributed to gender, and this was in favor of females in the city of Zliten (Table No. 6). The study showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between the level of shyness and academic achievement among.

امبراطورية الفولاني - سطـوة العـرق والديـن

محمد العماري — 2023-12-31

The research aims to study a model of Islamic movements in the modern era and shed light on their role in harnessing the societies in which they arose to serve what they believe to be the true religion, which is an event of great importance, given the deep, continuous and escalating impact on the life of the public to this day. The study concluded that the movement of Sheikh Othman Dan Foday, the subject of the research, was not devoid of worldly motives, despite all the religious slogans that it called for, and for which the blood of its supporters and opponents was spilled together, and because of it removed thrones and entities that knew and embraced Islam before it.

زيادة بعض الأفعال الناقصة، وبعض الأفعال التامة في التركيب

لطفي العالم — 2024-01-01

Praise be to Allah who honored the Arabic language and made it the language of the Qur’an, and the language of the people of Paradise on the day of meeting in Paradise, and that he chose us from among His worshippers who were preoccupied with its beautiful arts and methods, looking forward to tasting its words that combine clarification, and hoping to fear God and straighten the tongue.

May blessings and peace be upon our teacher and Prophet Mohammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, the imam, the bearer of the banner of praise in the shadow of the Throne of the Most Gracious, the owner of the Chosen Position and the blessed basin, the master of the ancients and the lasts in existence. His Lord commanded him to challenge the rhetoricians and legends throughout the ages, and He said to him: “Say, "Bring you then ten forged Surah (chapters) like unto it, and call whomsoever you can, other than Allah (to your help), if you speak the truth” [Hud: 13].

Having said that... I present to the reader a study entitled: “Increasing some imperfect verbs and some perfect verbs in structure”; To discuss the addition of "was", along with its sisters: "became ", and some verbs: the past and the perfect imperative according to those who say its addition, trying to investigate its evidence from prose texts and poetic evidence.

The motivation for researching it is that the addition is considered a style of language, one of its many types, and one of its distinct features, with which the Holy Qur’an was revealed to raise its slogan: one world and another, a challenge and a miracle. The addition is one of the established principles of the Arabic language, and the evidence for it in some of its types is many and extensive, and it is not one and the same, and the statement about its addition was scattered statements in the books of grammar, language, interpretation, principles, and others. The increase in the letters of meanings is many and steady, in the verbs it is few, and in the nouns relatively les .

Through collecting the material, examining the texts, and processing the evidence related to the research, the methodology required that the plan proceed according to an introduction, a preface, two sections, each of which has demands, a conclusion with the most important results and recommendations, then an index of sources and references.

الخلافات والنزاعات الزوجية وانعكاساتها على تربية وتنشئة الأبناء

عمران البوعيشي — 2023-12-31

The study aims to identify marital disputes and the extent of their repercussions on the upbringing and upbringing of children, and to arrive at the proposed vision for professional intervention according to the perspective of general practice for dealing with marital disputes and conflicts. The study used the descriptive analytical approach, relying on theoretical frameworks for marital disputes, raising and upbringing of children, and previous studies, classification, analysis and interpretation. Results: To extract the implications of the study, the study reached the following most important results:

1- The differences between the spouses regarding the methods of daily extravagance and the insufficient income to meet the requirements and needs of the wife cause an increase in the discord between the spouses.

2- Marital differences and conflicts are the result of cultural differences that lie in the values, trends, customs and traditions between spouses, among the causes of differences and conflicts between spouses.

3- The harsh and repeated criticism between the parties to the marital relationship to attach justifications, the search for constant veto, the wife’s disobedience, disobedience to his orders, disobeying his opinions, the absence of affection and mercy, ill-will, suspicion of establishing illegal relations, and violence are among the most important causes of marital disagreements and disputes.

4- Disagreements and conflicts between spouses reflect negatively on the children’s feelings, affect their level of achievement, and affect their security and stability.

واقع التفكير الإبداعي وعلاقته بالبيئة التعليمية من وجهة نظر معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية بمدينة زليتن

حواء إبليش — 2023-12-31

The study aims to reveal the reality of creative thinking and its relationship to the educational environment from the point of view of primary school teachers. The study used the descriptive analytical method. The study sample included 393 male and female teachers, and a questionnaire tool prepared by the researcher was applied to the sample, consisting of (24) items. The study concluded that To the following results:

1- The reality of creative thinking in the educational environment from the point of view of primary school teachers was at a high level.

2- There is a strong and positive relationship between creative thinking and the school environment from the point of view of primary school teachers.

3- There is a strong and positive relationship between motivation-based education and the school environment from the point of view of primary school teachers.

Performance Evaluation of IEEE802.11n WLANs Based on Aggregation Method

Ali Milad — 2023-12-31

IEEE 802.11n amendment is currently the most effective solution within the range of Wireless Local Area Networks (LAN). The standard provides many enhancements and is improved upon in many ways. One of the main goals of these improvements is to get high performance of Throughput and less delay of the MAC layer. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of very high-speed WLANs (IEEE 802.11n) in terms of the aggregation method. IEEE 802.11n is intended to support frame aggregation which combines the packets into a large frame called (A-MSDU) aggregation MAC services data unit and aggregates the frames into a large frame called (A-MPDU) Aggregation MAC protocol data unit, which are the two key performance features are the ability to enhance the transmission overheads in MAC layer over a noisy channel. The system is examined by simulation using NS-2.34. The simulation results show that the proposed schemes significantly improve the performance over distributed coordination function (DCF) and the A-MSDU method significantly improves the performance of throughput over the literature scheme up to 103.16% while the A-MPDU method improves the performance of throughput over the literature scheme up to 155.15%. In conclusion, this research has achieved its stated objective of evaluating the performance of very high-speed WLANs (IEEE 802.11n) in terms of the aggregation method. Additionally, the proposed schemes show a significant improvement compared with a literature scheme.

(A reading in the problems of the Islamic conquest of Barqa 22 AH / 642 AD "Saleh Loata" as a model)

زينب كرير — 2023-12-31

Extrapolating a number of historical narratives of the Arab-Islamic conquest of Cyrenaica in the first century AH / seventh century AD, makes us stand at some circumstances that may provoke wonder or disgust, and that may not conform to the approach of wise law, which is to respect human rights in dealing with the other. Therefore, the choice of the title of the research topic was: (Reading in the problems of the Islamic conquest of Cyrenaica 22 AH / 642 AD "Reform of Loytah" as a model), to find out the essence of this topic and its details according to the agreed historical research method.

The research includes important and vital problems in the Islamic history of Libya, the most important of which are:

* Stand up for the rapid advance of the Arab Islamic Army led by "Amr bin Al-Aas" towards Cyreqa immediately after the opening of Alexandria?

* Peace of Luate, what are the origins of this tribe? And what is its position among other Berber tribes to lead the historical event by reconciling with Amr bin Al-Aas? And did Muslims know the Berbers before this event?

* The main problem here in one of the conditions of the peace is the sale of the Al-Walwali to their children in case they are unable to pay the jizya to Muslims! And the question raised here: How is the justice of the religion of Islam and the sale of fathers to children and their bargaining in the dearest and most precious thing they have?!! How do we explain that and the principles of Islam came to lift the injustice of the people?!!

Can we doubt the narratives contained in many mothers of historical books - which may be turbulent or repetitive or both! - or whether the historical consensus on the event makes us confirm its occurrence under any justification!!

* The conclusion of the study was followed by a set of important recommendations that serve the Libyan library.

Coefficient Inequality and Coefficient Bounds for a New Subclass of Bazilevic Functions

Nagat Alabbar — 2023-12-31

In this paper, the researcher introduced a new generalized subclass of Bazilevic functions, which are a particular class of analytic and one to one functions defined in the open unit disc. Then a study coefficient inequality and coefficient bounds for this subclass was performed. As a result, several dervations for previous authers was obtained.

الجند المرتزقة في قرطاجة (241–237 ق.م)

شعبان أبوراس — 2023-12-31

The ongoing conflict between the Roman Empire and the Carthaginians in the Mediterranean region and their intense competition for control over Sicily ultimately led to a long war. It was inevitable that one of them would emerge victorious and eliminate the other from existence, and this is what happened. The end was tragic with Carthage's defeat in the First Punic War, resulting in the massacre of the Carthaginian government of Libyan and foreign soldiers who fought against the Greeks and Romans. Carthaginian leaders abandoned the remaining troops without paying their dues. Following the end of the First Punic War, the mercenary soldiers in the city of Carthage rebelled against the Carthaginian government due to non-payment of their financial dues, sparking a rebellion in ancient Morocco. The problem of the study lies in highlighting the role of the mercenary soldiers in the Carthaginian army and their actions against Carthage. The study concluded that the mercenary soldiers in Carthage initially complained about the non-payment of their financial dues, which then turned into a rebellion against Carthage that led into a revolution. The Carthaginians adopted the formula of paid soldiers, and practiced exclusion from the Maghreb peoples and continued to consider them as alien peoples to them, instead of integrating them politically and militarily to confront the danger coming from across the sea.

الانسجام الصوتي وأثره في النحو

يوسف زائد — 2023-12-31

The phenomenon of phonetic harmony is used in classical texts, both in verse and prose. The Arabs resorted to changing some sounds to harmonize with a preceding or following sound, or within the context of a sentence. This was done to create a kind of harmony and coherence between the sounds, and to avoid the discord that would result from those sounds remaining unchanged. To achieve this harmony and coherence, and to avoid conflict and discord, and to strive for smoothness and ease of understanding, the Arabs did not even adhere to the grammatical marks that indicate meanings. Instead, they changed them without concern, in order to achieve the desired harmony between the sounds. If they found a way to achieve harmony, even if it meant deviating from the rules, they did not hesitate to do so, considering it a good choice and accurate decision. This made their language smooth and easy to pronounce, light on the tongue, pleasing to the ear, in line with their sensitivity and refined taste. The ease of transitioning between sound articulations in speech enhances the beauty, elegance, sweetness, and excellence of the language. When this beauty is combined with precision in meaning and skillful structure, it elevates the language to the utmost beauty and perfection. The Arabs took this into account in many aspects, including: adjacent sounds, harmony of pauses, and the consonance of sounds within a sentence, and so on.

Poetics in Nunya Al-Randi

الهادي أبوراوي — 2023-12-31

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and may blessings and peace be upon our master Muhammad, the truthful and trustworthy, and upon all his family and companions.

Our Arab history is full of poetry and poets, because they are people of listening taste, and they were its preservers and transmitters of it through the pioneers.

Because it contains their record, their exploits, their history, their lineages, and their days, and for this reason I decided to choose from one of the poems of the eyes of Arabic poetry, which is..: ((The Elegy of Abu al-Baqa al-Randi in Andalusia)).

The nature of the research required it to be divided into:

-Introduction: It included the importance of the topic and the most important questions around which the research revolves.

- The concept of poetics.

- Two academic topics:

The first section: included introducing the poet - the occasion of the poem - about the poem.

The second section: included an analysis of the poem, in terms of the poem’s style and images - internal music - compositional level - artistic image - vocal level - expressive and artistic characteristics.

- Conclusion: It included the most important results obtained from the researched topic.

- The poem: It included the verses of the poem.

- Index: dedicated to the study’s sources and references.

Environmental study about Sirte Sabkhas impact on the surface salinity at western coastal of Libya using MODIS satellite techniques.

2023-12-31

In this study, MODIS sensor techniques were used because of its quality images, and its data is available for seven years (2015-2021) to surface salinity in the study area. It was discovered that Sirte sabkhas contribute in the surface salinity of the Libyan western coast. Surface salinity degrees were more intense into summer and spring seasons and less in winter and autumn seasons due to feeding of Sirte sabkhas. The south, southeast and southwest winds had an important role in Sirte sabkhas effect on surface salinity in the western coast. The differences between salinity values during study seasons considered evidence on the sabkhas impact.

الفن المصري القديم بين التأثير والتأثر من بداية عصر الاسرات إلى نهاية العصر الروماني

أيمن التويب — 2023-12-31

It can be said that ancient Egyptian art is, above all, an expressive representation of people who based their lives on the principles of eternity and infinity. Consequently, all of their works, whether temples, statues, pictures, or handicrafts, are characterized by extreme harmony, to the extent that a person can recognize and identify them at first glance, and can even find in them those elements and forms that are related to their distant past, regardless of the different eras to which they belong. This is because they remarkably correspond to the region's landscape, clearly indicating its unity and continuity. It is worth noting that the geographical location of the region and the policies followed by the pharaohs made the ancient Egyptian people, up to the time of their invasions in the modern state era, live in what resembles a closed vessel sheltered from any external influence.

الخصائص المورفومترية والهيدرولوجية لحوض وادي الرمل

عزالدين الراجحي — 2023-12-31

This research dealt with the study of the hydrogeomorphological harvest of the Wadi Raml Basin, which originates from the Mediterranean northwest of Tripoli to the Mediterranean Sea at a distance of (40 km), where the focus was on the morphometric gain of the basin, its drainage network, and the contributions of hydrogeology and its extent to protecting agricultural lands from some diverse problems such as floods, soil erosion, drought, and desertification. By saving a large amount of water that was wasted without results, he relied on the latest morphometric and hydrological equations that are used in such studies.

Study on spinal anesthesia drugs used in Misurata hospitals for the year 2022

Eyman Bakeir — 2023-12-31

Introduction: Spinal anesthesia is commonly used for procedures such as cesarean sections, lower limb surgeries, and certain urological procedures. The onset of action is rapid, and the duration of anesthesia is relatively shorter compared to general anesthesia. There are many medications that are used in spinal anesthesia, the most important of which are: Lidocaine, Bupivacaine, Lidocaine, Tetracaine, Mepivacaine, Ropivacaine, Levobupivacaine, and Chloroprocaine. Aims of study: The purpose of the present study is to discover the most common spinal anesthetics used in surgical operations by anesthesiologists in Misurata hospitals. Methodology: There were total of 48 anesthesiologists. The respondents have worked in different hospitals in Misurata (public and private hospitals). Questionnaires were distributed to anesthesiologists in 2022. Results: The results show us that the largest number of the target audience had years of experience from (6-10) years, with a percentage of (35.4%). In addition, the vast majority of the targets were working in both the public and private sectors, where their percentage was (78.7%). In view of the results collected through a random sample of anesthesiologists inside Misurata hospitals, we note that most doctors use heavy morcaine as the first choice in regional anesthesia, where the percentage reached (52.4%), while other drug was added to it as a second choice, with a percentage of (33.3%). In addition, one of the most important reasons that determines the choice of medicine in migraine is the type of surgery and the method of giving the medicine, while one of the most important reasons for adding another drug to heavy morcaine is to reduce the side effects or complications of this medicine and make it safer.